Abstract
The acoustical effects of the human head, the pinna, and the auditory canal, separately and when combined, were obtained by means of an artificial head. In addition to the well known resonance at about 3·1 kHz caused by the auditory canal, two broad resonances caused by the concha and the pinna were observed at higher frequencies. The pinna contributes to an increase of the monaural loudness of the shock waves when the sound source is behind the head. The opposite is true when the head is turned towards the sound source. The maximum peak pressure gain and the maximum loudness by monaural hearing is obtained when the sound waves are impinging on the head at an angle of 40 to 50 degrees from the frontal direction. In the high frequency range the results reflect the advantage of using impulsive sound waves in preference to continuous sound waves even in rather good anechoic rooms.
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