Abstract
The visual system is a source of sensory information that perceives environmental stimuli and interacts with other sensory systems to generate visual and postural responses to maintain postural stability. Although the three sensory systems; the visual, vestibular, and somatosensory systems work concurrently to maintain postural control, the visual and vestibular system interaction is vital to differentiate self-motion from external motion to maintain postural stability. The visual system influences postural control playing a key role in perceiving information required for this differentiation. The visual system’s main afferent information consists of optic flow and retinal slip that lead to the generation of visual and postural responses. Visual fixations generated by the visual system interact with the afferent information and the vestibular system to maintain visual and postural stability. This review synthesizes the roles of the visual system and their interaction with the vestibular system, to maintain postural stability.
Highlights
Postural control requires continuous regulation of information from three systems- the visual, the vestibular, and the somatosensory (Massion, 1994; Samuel et al, 2015; Ivanenko and Gurfinkel, 2018)
This review focuses on fundamental concepts of the visual system and its interaction with the vestibular system required for this differentiation and will outline how it underpins efficient postural control
A Narrative Review of Visual-Vestibular Interaction systems including the somatosensory, visual, and vestibular systems along with contributions from a variety of reflex control mechanisms. Whilst these are all important for postural control, this review focuses on the integration of the visual and vestibular systems
Summary
Postural control requires continuous regulation of information from three systems- the visual, the vestibular, and the somatosensory (Massion, 1994; Samuel et al, 2015; Ivanenko and Gurfinkel, 2018). A key prerequisite for postural control is accurate interpretation and integration of information from the visual and vestibular systems. This review focuses on fundamental concepts of the visual system and its interaction with the vestibular system required for this differentiation and will outline how it underpins efficient postural control. A Narrative Review of Visual-Vestibular Interaction systems including the somatosensory, visual, and vestibular systems along with contributions from a variety of reflex control mechanisms Whilst these are all important for postural control, this review focuses on the integration of the visual and vestibular systems. The current review outlines how this interaction underpins the differentiation of self-motion and external motion to maintain visual and postural stability
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