Abstract
As a component in the food and nutrition system, which determined by the quantity and quality of food, food consumption is an important priority to improve the quality of human resources. This study aims to determine the food consumption patterns of farmer households and the difference of its pattern between local and transmigrant farmer households in the border area of Papua. The study was conducted in four regencies in the northern part of Papua in adjacent to the Papua New Guinea (PNG) by involving a total number of 160 households, which consist of 80 local and 80 transmigrant farmer households. To measure the food consumption pattern, the researcher used the food consumption list and a food consumption analysis software developed by the Indonesian Food Security Agency in 2013. The contribution of food energy measured by the Energy Adequacy Rate (AKE) and Protein Adequacy Rate (AKP). The independent t-test was used to compare the food consumption pattern between local and transmigrant farmer households using statistical software, SPSS 16.0 version. The analysis reveals that the AKE and AKP of farmer households are below the recommended standard. The energy (protein) consumption of local farmer households is greater (lower) than the energy consumption of the transmigrant farmer households. The analysis of independent sample t-tests indicates that the average of energy and protein consumption of local farmers differed significantly from the average of energy and protein consumption of transmigrant farmers in the border area of Papua.
Highlights
As one of the basic human needs besides clothing and shelter, food consumption is vital for human survival
The transmigrant farmer household has a wider area of land owned and cultivated than that of local farmer households, whereas local farmer households have a higher average number of family members than that of transmigrant farmer households
It is possible to classify the local farmers and migrants in the border area as smallholder farmers because they cultivated an area of land of less than 1.5 ha
Summary
As one of the basic human needs besides clothing and shelter, food consumption is vital for human survival. Sudiaoetomo say that the level of food consumption is determined by the quality and quantity of the food serving. The quality of the food serving is indicated by the nutrient fulfillment of the body needs, while the quantity is shown by the ratio between nutrient fulfillment and nutrient requirement of the body. If the composition of the food serving meets the body needs, both in terms of quality and quantity, the body will receive the best nutritional health conditions [4]. On this account, the quality and quantity of food consumption are largely determined by food production and distribution as well as other factors
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