Abstract
Few studies have attempted to investigate the impact of airports on the ecological environment. This paper compares the effects of airports in China and Germany on the surrounding ecological environment and discusses the underlying institutional mechanisms that lead to these impacts. We used remote-sensing ecological indicators to assess ecological environment quality. A buffer analysis was used to determine the influence scopes of airports on the ecological environment. The institutional analysis development framework was adopted to investigate the functions of different institutions on the influence scopes and intensities. The results showed that the Chinese airport had obvious negative effects and that its impact scope was wide, while the impact intensity of the German airport was weaker. These significant differences stem from the distinct institutional systems that structure the two airports. Our findings ultimately provide insight into how to improve the relationship between infrastructure construction and environmental protection in China.
Highlights
Transportation infrastructure, represented by airport investment plans, boosts financial development [1,2], which offers a direct and effective means of stimulating investment [3], increasing employment [4] and promoting economic growth [5,6]
In the HXIA case, the remote sensing-based ecological index (RSEI) value of the whole study area decreased significantly from 2006 to 2016, which indicates that the ecological environment quality of most areas dethe csloinuetdhw(seestFaignudren4o)r.tThheaesatrecaosrnweirthodf ethcreeasstuindgyRaSrEeIavsailguneisfiwcaenretlmy aiminplyrocovnecde,nwtrhatieled tihne ecoltohgeicealstenovf itrhoensmtuednyt qaureaalitayndchoanngbeotihn soitdheesroafrethase wQaiasnntaontgveRriyveorb, vwiohuilse. tThheeasroeausthwwitehst portsiloignhstloyfitmheprBoBveIAd erceosleoagricchalaernevairwoenrmeemntosswtlyerneactounrcaelnetcraotleodgicnatlhpermotaeicntiuornbanreaarsewa oitfh littleHhanugmzahnousofociratlhaecmtivoisttiepsa.rt
In the case of HXIA, a large amount of vegetation land in its surrounding area had been transformed into an impervious surface in the absence of a legal basis or institutional guarantee, especially one that controls the ecological requisition–compensation balance system, which would inevitably lead to the decline in regional ecological environment quality
Summary
Transportation infrastructure, represented by airport investment plans, boosts financial development [1,2], which offers a direct and effective means of stimulating investment [3], increasing employment [4] and promoting economic growth [5,6]. Airports provide convenient transportation services for human societies and typically grow to be a key economic node or link [16] for social and economic development within the region These projects significantly improve the location pattern of the surrounding area by attracting people, goods and services [17], which increases the potential development value of the land. Industrial land and land that supports infrastructure by providing space for logistics and storage, hotels, high-tech and other industries are located in the valuable areas [18,19] These land-use changes cause a large amount of agricultural land in the surrounding area to turn into impervious surfaces, which sparks a series of ecological and environmental problems that are referred to as the spillover effects of airports. Less attention has been paid to changes in the ecological environment caused by spillover effects of airports
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