The dialectic of history and science

Dr Darradji Zarroukhi Lecteurer

doi:10.36473/ujhss.v222i2.389

Abstract

Scientific research is characterized by rigor, methodology and objectivity, and requires a lot of attention and care. It calls for continuous efforts and great ability of imagination, perseverance and self-control. But before the develloping the scientific approach in its current form, mankind used another kind of thinking, known philosophical thinking . If the scientific thinking is judged as organized and unified thinking, this does not mean that philosophical thinking is unorganized. It is a thinking subject to logical standards, and take into account the consistency of introductions with the final results. Moreover, the philosophical thinking gives more freedom to the mind and less constrained by the standard and controls and it is characterized by a kind of totalitarianism. The separation of scientific thinking came after the maturity of scientific methods, which rationalized and quantified the phenomena and their interpretations. The maturuty of the scientific thinking comes from the succes of natural Sciences, which dealt with realistic physical phenomena and it based on scientistic experimental approach as a way to understand and interpret physical phenomena. After the stunning success of the natural sciences, some scientists and thinkers try the application of the experimental methods in the study of historical phenomena which led to the separation between the history of the philosophy. However, the history subjects differ from those of the natural sciences. they are more complex and interconnected, and this is what made the scientific study of the historical phenomena known several epistemological obstacles preventing the rationalization of the historical phenomena, driving a skepticism in the value of the science of history and its ability to interpret historical phenomena using only scientific explanation without the philosophical interpretation. or is it that historical studies should return to the field of philosophy. This is what I tried to explain it through this article that addresses the following issue: Did the historical studies respect canonical scientific approach

Highlights

Before the develloping the scientific approach in its current form, mankind used another kind of thinking, known philosophical thinking
If the scientific thinking is judged as organized and unified thinking, this does not mean that philosophical thinking is unorganized
The maturuty of the scientific thinking comes from the succes of natural Sciences, which dealt with realistic physical phenomena and it based on scientistic experimental approach as a way to understand and interpret physical phenomena

Summary

Introduction

‫عمى الرغـ مف أف عمـ التاريخ ان صؿ عف ال مس ة و أصبح عمما قائما بذاتو‪ ،‬إلاّ أف اليكوؾ قامت‬ ‫حػوؿ ىػذا العمػـ ‪ ،‬و لػـ يكتسػب عمػـ التػاريخ المصػداقية العمميػة لافتسػاده لخصػائص العمػـ و الػروح‬ ‫العمميػة و احتػوا د ارسػتو عمػى جانػب كبيػر مػف ال مسػ ة ‪ ،‬ومػا يؤكػد ذلػؾ تػأخر عمػـ التػاريخ فػي‬ ‫ان صػالو عػف ال مسػ ة ‪ ،‬و سػنبيف مػف ىػذا الطػرح مجمػؿ الصػعوبات التػي جعمػت عمػـ التػاريخ ي تسػد‬ ‫نوعا ما لممعايير العممية التي تتمتي بيا العمػوـ الطبيعيػة و المتمثمػة أساسػا فػي السػانوف العممػي ‪ ،‬و‬ ‫ارتبػػاط الد ارسػػات التاريخيػػة بال مسػػ ة ‪ ،‬و ىػػذا لػػيس انتساصػػا مػػف قيمػػة عمػػـ التػػاريخ ‪ ،‬شوانمػػا إيػػادة‬ ‫بصػعوبة د ارسػة الظػاىرة التاريخيػة د ارسػة عمميػة ‪ ،‬واعتػ ارؼ بػالمجيودات الجبػارة التػي يبػذليا عممػا‬ ‫التاريخ مف اجؿ بنا الحسيسة التاريخية‪ .‬وممػا لا يػؾ فيػو أف الحسيسػة و ليػدة المػنيج و الحكػـ عمػى‬ ‫فعالية المنيج تتأتى مف تحصيؿ نتائج عادة ما تستسر ىذه النتائج في صورة قوانيف ‪ ،‬بحيػث تعكػس‬.

Results

Conclusion