Abstract
Recurrent oral ulcers (OU) are a common manifestation in infancy affecting up 40% of children. The first step necessary for the diagnosis is the search for associated systemic symptoms. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common diagnosis in patients with isolated OU, being a diagnosis of exclusion. Among patients with associated symptoms, the diagnostic process must distinguish conditions in which other manifestations represent the main and relevant sign (e.g. autoinflammatory diseases, celiac disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE) from other ones characterized by ulcers of such size and number to be particularly disabling (e.g. Behçet disease, BD). We elaborated an algorithm with the aim to provide help in the diagnostic challenge of children with OU.
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