The diagnostic and differential diagnostic value of video electroencephalography in infants less than 1-year-old with non-conclusion seizures

Abstract

Objective To discuss the clinical features of non-conclusion seizures(NCS) in infants less than 1-year-old, and the diagnostic and differential diagnostic value of video electroencephalography(VEEG). Methods A total of 30 NCS patients were took the regular electroencephalography at the first 20 minutes before VEEG monitoring which continued 2 to 4 hours in order to compare the differences between the two monitoring methods, then all patients were taken follow-up after one month, two months, and three months. Results Three cases attacks(accounting for 10.0%) were found by regular electroencephalography, while 23 attacks(accounting for 76.7%) were found by VEEG following no epileptic discharge, either.All patients were found to be corporality NCS, having no psychogenic NCS, among which, 19 patients(accounting for 63.3%) were non epileptic tonic-closure seizures, including 2 patients always keeping eyes staring at somewhere, 2 patients gritted teeth or grinned, 1 patient often put head back, 1 patient stretched the neck or necking down, 2 patients shrug his shoulders, 9 patients shook head, and another 2 always put forth his strength, with or without stiffness, limb jitter, or made face red; on the other, 7 patients(accounting for 23.3%) were benign myoclonus, another 4(accounting for 13.3%) were benign non epileptic infant spasm, no other types were found.Nobody had any antiepileptic therapies, 15 of them have no more attacks in less than one month, 7 in two months, 1 in three months, and another 7 appeared occasionly under the conditions of great happiness, extreme anger or been raged. Conclusion VEEG have irreplaceable diagnostic and differential diagnostic value in infants less than 1-year-old with NCS, and play an important role in monitoring the development of NCS. Key words: Video electroencephalography; Infants; Non-conclusion seizures; Diagnosis; Differential diagnosis,