The Diagnosis and Treatment Methods of the Autoimmune Blistering Diseases

Abstract

Background: Autoimmune blistering disorders are a group of rare skin diseases. They develop when your body's mucous membranes the lining of your mouth, nose, and other cavities and skin are attacked by your immune system. Blisters grow as a result of this. Objective: The main goal of this study is to determine the diagnosis and treatment methods of the autoimmune blistering diseases in Bangladesh. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a total of 260 patients from January 2021 to December 2021 in 250 Bedded General hospital, Jamalpur, Bangladesh. Results: In our study, 55% patients were male and 45% patients were female. Maximum patients (19.6%) were between 30 to 39 years of age group. Minimum number of patients (13.2%) were between 20 to 29 of age group. Maximum patients (75) had pemphigus vulggaris and minimum number of patients (15) had pemphigus foliaceus. Maximum patients were treated with steroids (51) and azathioprine (53). Minimum number of patients (10) were treated with cyclosporine. Side effects like (Cushing syndrome, Growth retardation, Osteoporosis) were observed in patients treated with steroids (6), Neutropenic sepsis (4) in Rituximab, Hemolytic anemia (3) in Dapsone and Nausea (4) in Azathioprine. 141 patients had complete remission off therapy and 119 patients had partial remission on therapy. Conclusion: As the population ages, more people will eventually require treatment for autoimmune skin illnesses that cause blistering. Rituximab, infliximab, etanercept, leflunomide, doxycycline, omalizumab, and immunoadsorption are currently being explored in controlled prospective trials since there is an urgent need for specific and well-tolerated medicines. Prospective, controlled trials are still needed to verify the effectiveness of the present treatments.