Abstract
Major markets across the European Union (EU) are concentrated on rapid development of electromobility. This policy is demon-strated – among others – by recent sales of electric cars: within the past 3 quarters of 2018 – 24.7 thousand electric cars have been registered in Germany, 20.3 thousand in France, 15.3 thousand in the Netherlands and 31.4 thousand in Norway. Unfortunately, only 867 EVs have been registered in Hungary, 469 in the Czech Republic, 468 in Romania, 411 in Poland and 348 in Slovenia. Unit energy consumption of electric cars was often defined in NEDC cycle. In real conditions of road traffic, it may differ from val-ues recorded in a drive cycle. The article presents results of a study on energy consumption of electric cars in Poland along RDE (Real Driving Emissions) testing route in terms of vehicle energy consumption per drive unit (km, 100 km). The use of fuel cells in cars may bring a change in the type of used vehicles in the long run. Both globally and in the EU wide-ranging actions are undertaken to imple-ment fuel cell technology. Also, the infrastructure of hydrogen filling stations is developed. At present the most rapidly developing coun-try in this area is Japan. The article addresses the issue of energy consumption per drive unit by cars equipped with fuel cells as both type of vehicles, i.e. EV and FCV use electric motors. The article also discusses infrastructure development in the EU and Poland, charg-ing and fuelling of the said vehicles, respectively.
Highlights
Since September 1st of this year certification of new type (Euro 6) passenger cars and light trucks in the EU includes the exhaust emissions testing of these vehicles, i.e. the Real Driving Emissions (RDE) procedure [1,2,3,4,5,6,7, 18, 19].Road test specifications cannot be optional
Setting such route for the purpose of research work by the author of this article was the primary challenge facilitating future certification testing related to the assessment of noxious substances in the exhaust emitted by light vehicles, and in the development work relating to, for example, the estimation of energy consumption by electric and hybrid vehicles or those equipped with fuel cells in light of the development of electromobility and hydrogenization of vehicle transport
The latter issue is discussed in this article, which presents examples of the measurements of energy consumption by passenger cars on a route set for the purpose of RDE tests
Summary
Since September 1st of this year certification of new type (Euro 6) passenger cars and light trucks in the EU includes the exhaust emissions testing of these vehicles, i.e. the Real Driving Emissions (RDE) procedure [1,2,3,4,5,6,7, 18, 19]. Setting the route for an RDE drive for the purpose of exhaust emission testing from light vehicles requires the fulfilment of numerous requirements, including those relating to ambient temperature, topographic height of the test, driving style (dynamic specifications of the trip), trip’s duration, length of specific sections of the test (urban, rural, highway) etc. The main ones here are the determination of their range, the power of engines implemented on these vehicles, battery durability or the test of energy use by these vehicles The latter issue is discussed in this article, which presents examples of the measurements of energy consumption by passenger cars on a route set for the purpose of RDE tests. In the RDE studies, a A passenger car was used (Fig. 1)
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