Abstract
In the present work, an attempt is made, through the bibliographic review, to define and clarify the term "Theory of Mind", to determine the context in which this theory was originally developed, to briefly present the scientific theories that attempted to interpret its development and finally to describe the development of Theory of Mind in pre-school children, as evidenced by the international literature.
 
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Highlights
One of the main issues that Cognitive Psychology deals with, concerns the development of the child’s thinking from birth to adulthood
Over the last 30 or so years his theory has been under constant investigation and questioning, as it is argued, for not taking into account the social context in which children live
The development of theory of mind in young children is an issue of particular importance for pre-school research, for teachers of this age, and even today only few studies have focused on the latter and their educational practice
Summary
One of the main issues that Cognitive Psychology deals with, concerns the development of the child’s thinking from birth to adulthood. Piaget's views (as a result of his experimental procedures) on cognitive development at pre-school age have been revised The criticism of his theory is that he does not take into account the context in which children live. With regard to the child's egocentric discourse, Vygotsky argued that the children's original words are communicative acts mediating their dealing with the people around them, so considering that the children's linguistic experience has been social from the outset (Vygotsky, 1978) Her opposition to the toddler's inability to take the place of others and understand their point of view, Donaldson (1978) voiced her opposition to Piaget's "three mountains" project, arguing that the project was far from infant experiences and had difficulty understanding. As a result of criticism, we think that what Einstein said about Piaget's theory is appropriate: "So simple that only a genius could have thought about it" (Papert, 1999)
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