Abstract
In this paper, the quantitative status of employees in the Health and Social Care sector in the Czech Republic is assessed, and the future development of the sector is predicted both for the Czech Republic as a whole, and for individual regions according to the NUTS3 classification. At present, labor market prognoses are created using the ROA-CERGE model, which includes the main professions in the Health and Social Care sector. This article expands the predictions by adding the regional level and using extrapolation of time series, and it identifies the regions important for the given sector and the labor force. The position of the Czech Republic with regard to selected professions in comparison with other countries of the European Union, i.e., its qualitative status, is also assessed in the paper. The following professions are assessed: general nurses and midwives (both with and without a specialization), physicians, and professional assistants. Healthcare workers do not manifest geographical mobility between regions and work primarily in the region where they live. Since the Czech Republic’s accession to the EU, staff working in key professions have been able to work under comparable conditions in any of the member states. The workforce flow depends, among other things, on its qualitative representation in the given country. To find groups of European countries with similar characteristics of quantitative coverage in selected professions in the Health and Social Care sector, cluster analysis is used to identify homogeneous clusters of countries, as of 2016. Secondary data was obtained from the Czech Statistical Office (CZSO) and the Information System (ISA+) of the National Institute of Education (NIE).
Highlights
In the labor market, the pairing process is key
Structural unemployment arises when the supply of jobs for a certain type of profession or demanding a certain educational level does not correspond to the demand for this type of profession or the supply of workers with this educational level
1.15%, and the share of employed physicians is almost homogeneous for all countries and makes up Cluster 2 (Belgium, Netherlands, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Spain, Poland, Portugal, the Czech Republic, Malta, Romania, Denmark, Sweden, Latvia, Great Britain and Ireland) has the lowest share of people employed in the professions of general nurse and midwife without a specialization ISCO_322 (0.3%); it has a high share of people employed in the professions of general nurse and midwife
Summary
The pairing process is key. There is an increasing discrepancy between the qualifications of the labor force and the qualification requirements of vacant jobs. The level of education of a potential or current worker or the field in which they graduate does not correspond to the qualification requirements of the position (Howell 2005; Karpíšek 1999; Samuelson and Nordhaus 2008) This discrepancy in the labor market arises primarily as a result of structural changes in the economy, where some sectors are expanding, and others are disappearing or declining. It is created as early as during the actual process of education, where the fields of study generate an insufficient number of qualified people for the given profession or industry (Trhlíková et al 2006; Brown et al 2003; Redor 1999). Plesník et al notes that continuously educating the workforce and increasing its
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