The development of the concept of the “ideal city” in Russian town planning of the 18th century

Abstract

The concept of the ‘ideal city’ having centuries-long history is analyzed as a significant component of the history of Russian town planning. In the course of the comparative analysis with the notion ‘regular city’, the town planning understanding of the concept ‘ideal city’ is specified. According to the work of the architect with the city plan, three main types of Russian ‘ideal cities’ of the 18th century and four types of their centers are defined, depending on the terrain and its dissection. It is concluded that specific components dominated over the universal and typical ones in the Russian model of the ‘ideal city’.