Abstract
The purpose of this research is to determine to what extent the use of 3D graphics in the educational process improves the spatial orientation skills of secondary school students. The research follows a qualitative approach of experimental type, the population is constituted by 300 students of Secondary Education of which through a simple random sampling 25 students were chosen. Four sessions of 50 minutes each have been developed, in which three-dimensional models were used, in order to determine if spatial skills are developed. A psychometric pre-test and post-test of spatial reasoning was taken in order to determine how much the spatial skills of the selected sample members are developed based on the measurement of five criteria: Construction of three-dimensional objects (intermediate level), Construction of three-dimensional objects (advanced level), Rotation of objects from references (intermediate level), Rotation of objects from references (advanced level) and deconstruction of three-dimensional objects. For the data analysis, the data from the scores obtained by the students in both the pre-test and the post-test are processed. The results allow us to visualize that the use of 3D graphics in the teaching-learning processes allows us to improve spatial orientation skills to a great extent. The result is evidenced in the increase of the total scores obtained in the post-test in comparison with the results of the pre-test. Likewise, an increase from 47.9% to 75.1% of items answered correctly was observed on average, which was corroborated with the Student's t-test that gave a P value of less than 0.05, demonstrating the reliability of the research developed and therefore significantly improving spatial orientation skills in students through the use of 3D graphics technology.
Highlights
Technology is developing by leaps and bounds, expanding to several areas, such as education, where more and better technological tools are required to facilitate the learning process of students
The research revolves around the question, to what extent does the use of 3D graphics technology allow the development of spatial orientation in secondary school students?
The importance of the research lies in the impact of the use of 3D graphics in the field of education, allowing students to develop their spatial orientation, which will be useful to have a better performance in a given space and at the same time promote the use of 3D technology in educational institutions, since, the main problem of many of them and education in general is that the use of new technologies have not been widely developed, on the contrary, monotonous and routine teaching models are still used, leading to student fatigue, as well as low academic performance and attraction, since the new generations are increasingly connected with technology [1]
Summary
Technology is developing by leaps and bounds, expanding to several areas, such as education, where more and better technological tools are required to facilitate the learning process of students. The importance of the research lies in the impact of the use of 3D graphics in the field of education, allowing students to develop their spatial orientation, which will be useful to have a better performance in a given space and at the same time promote the use of 3D technology in educational institutions, since, the main problem of many of them and education in general is that the use of new technologies have not been widely developed, on the contrary, monotonous and routine teaching models are still used, leading to student fatigue, as well as low academic performance and attraction, since the new generations are increasingly connected with technology [1]. 3D models generate a sense of immersion in students because they facilitate direct interaction with objects, improving spatial orientation skills in users, important concepts in areas such as engineering or medicine. The development of spatial orientation concepts (such as spatial positioning) is possible because of the immersion provided by the manipulation of three-dimensional models
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