The Development of Peace Theory and Peace Concepts in the Early and Neo-modern Period: A Review

Abstract

The concept of peace has evolved over time and the theoretical interpretation of establishing peace has also changed. The main objective of this research is to analyze the development of peace notions in the early and neo-modern era. This study analyzes the main theories related to world peace from the early modern era (19th century) to the new modern era (21st century). In this research, data were collected from the secondary sources. It has been observed that the development of peace theory in the modern era is mainly focused on some important theories. Though theorists have put forward different theories, they share a coherence in their thoughts. In this case, this research discusses prominent theories such as conflict resolution theory, constructivism theory, human security theory, peacebuilding theory, non-violence theory, rationalist theory, liberal peace theory, psychological theory, feminist theory, and critical theory. The analysis of these theories reveals that the advancement of peace theories and notions in the early and modern eras has been influenced by a variety of factors, including political and social circumstances, technological advances, and the escalating nature of conflicts and violence. While there is no single approach to achieving peace, the ongoing exploration and growth of peace theory and practice is considered a significant field of inquiry and work in contemporary society. This study also provides valuable insights into the ongoing quest for peace, the continued building of international relations, and the creation of a more peaceful and just world in future.