Abstract
<p>En las últimas décadas, México ha encabezado los titulares en la prensa debido a los altos niveles de violencia, brutalidad y tráfico de drogas. Además, pocas veces se cuestionan los vínculos entre poder político, agencias de inteligencia, corrupción y crimen organizado en el desarrollo del narcotráfico y violencia en México. En este escenario, emergen las siguientes preguntas, las cuales se intentan analizar a lo largo del texto: ¿Por qué los narcotraficantes han logrado desestabilizar al gobierno mexicano? ¿Cuánta responsabilidad tienen las agencias de inteligencia de los Estados Unidos y México en el desarrollo del narcotráfico y la violencia? ¿Puede México controlar por sí mismo el desarrollo del tráfico de drogas? ¿Es posible establecer el Estado de derecho y los mecanismos de rendición de cuentas? ¿Representa el nuevo gobierno de Andrés Manuel López Obrador una esperanza para el control de la violencia en México?</p>
Highlights
En las últimas décadas, México ha encabezado los titulares en la prensa debido a los altos niveles de violencia, brutalidad y tráfico de drogas
The present text tries to analyse the relation among political power, corruption, criminal groups and intelligence agencies, and their role in the development of narco-trafficking and violence in Mexico
This text attempts to unravel the following questions: Why are the drug traffickers able to destabilize the government? How much responsibility does the US and Mexican intelligence agencies have in the development of the violence in Mexico? Can Mexico by itself control the development of drug trafficking? Will it be possible to establish the rule of law and accountability mechanisms under the government of Andrés Manuel López Obrador? The main hypothesis set out in this text is a possible correlation between corruption and increase of criminal activities such as narcotrafficking
Summary
The development of drug trafficking in Mexico is relatively recent. Before the 1920’s, marijuana production was mainly used among Mexican people for medicinal and ritualistic purposes, and opium cultivation was almost unknown. Last year alone –2017–, 29,168 homicides were recorded, reaching the highest homicide rate over the last 20 years” (Gutiérrez 2018) In this scenario, the present text tries to analyse the relation among political power, corruption, criminal groups and intelligence agencies, and their role in the development of narco-trafficking and violence in Mexico. The present text tries to analyse the relation among political power, corruption, criminal groups and intelligence agencies, and their role in the development of narco-trafficking and violence in Mexico This text attempts to unravel the following questions: Why are the drug traffickers able to destabilize the government? Opium production was introduced to Mexico by Chinese immigrants, notably by Antonio Wong Yin, who was a “compadre” – godfather – of governor of Coahuila, Nazario Ortiz Garza (1929–1933) He was close to General Jesús García Gutiérrez, who was in charge of military operations in the state at that time (Astorga 1999: 13). Dale focuses his analysis of the development of narcotrafficking on the third factor, the one related to the protected intelligence-drug connection: The development of narcotrafficking and corruption in Mexico Nubia Nieto
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