Abstract
Raphide crystal idioblast initiation occurs in the uppermost region of intercalary meristems in young leaves of Typha angustifolia L., and development proceeds acropetally. Idioblast differentiation commences with a loss of stored lipids, depletion of starch from amyloplasts, enlargement of the nucleus and nucleolus, cell elongation, and the formation of a central vacuole. Crystalloplastids are formed via dedifferentiation of amyloplasts, followed by an increase in plastid number as cell volume increases with cell elongation. Crystalloplastid membranes stain intensely with periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate (PA-TCH-SP). Following crystal production within the central vacuole, crystalloplastids differentiate lobed regions, dense with plastid ribosomes, thylakoids, lamellae, and plastoglobuli. Mucilage, which stains with PA-TCH-SP, appears to be formed at the tonoplast in the central vacuole and follows differentiation of crystalloplastid lobes. Crystal chambers are surrounded by lamellae during mucilage accumulation and the crystals undergo a change in shape. Lobed crystalloplastids may be involved in vacuolar mucilage formation in these types of raphide crystal idioblasts.
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