The development of learning tools based on STEM-PjBL to increase cognitive learning outcomes for 10th grade students

Abstract

Science learning is closely related to the natural sciences, emphasizing students' cognitive mastery, which includes facts, concepts, and principles. Based on the 2013 Curriculum, the recommended method to be applied is a scientific approach enriched with problem-based learning and project-based learning. One model that can improve these competencies is the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model. PjBL prepares students to be able to think analytically in solving problems. This study aims to develop learning tools consisting of the syllabus, lesson plans, and student worksheets based on STEM-PjBL that are valid, practical, and effective on virus material. This study uses the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate). The research involved 36 10th grade students from the natural science department, Senior High School 9 Malang, in 2020/2021. The data obtained in the form of qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data were obtained based on suggestions from learning expert validators, material experts, and field practitioners. Quantitative data is numerical data obtained from descriptive statistics seen from the pretest-posttest scores, then analyzed using paired sample t-tests to determine the significance value of differences. After that, the average value of the normalized value (n-gain) was calculated to determine the increase in students' cognitive learning outcomes. The validity test results of learning tools in the form of syllabus, lesson plans, and student worksheets showed an average score of 96.95%, 94.81%, and 94.72% with very valid criteria. The practicality test results showed an average score of 82.08% with practical criteria. The effectiveness test results showed that the average cognitive learning outcomes of students increased from 38.33 at the pretest to 76.67 at the posttest. The difference in cognitive learning outcomes was significantly different based on the results of the pair sample t-test with n-gain=0.63. These results indicate that the learning tools of STEM-PjBL are very valid, practical, and effective to use and can increase cognitive learning outcomes for 10th grade students.