The development of fallow lands requires a systematic approach

Abstract

Methods. The study of a set of measures for the involvement of fallow lands in active agricultural circulation was carried out in the south of the foreststeppe of the Non-chernozem zone in the Republic of Mordovia. The object of study was arable land that has not been cultivated for more than 14 years. In the experiment various forecrop of winter wheat, the methods of the main tillage separately and in combination with the herbicide roundup were studied. Evaluation of the effectiveness of measures was carried out on the output of grain units in a crop rotation.Results. The use of roundup in the development of the deposit contributed to a decrease in the abundance of perennial weeds in winter wheat crops from 40 to 60%, depending on the forecrop. The greater effect of the herbicide was noted on the options with soil cultivation by disk harrow. The reduction in weediness was here from 45 to 68%. The cultivation of the soil with a disk harrow together with the herbicide contributed to the better cutting and mixing of the plant residues of the sod and grinding of the rhizomes of the Elytrigia repens. The determination of the productivity of winter wheat in the crop rotation link revealed that the introduction of a continuous action herbicide roundup increased the collection of grain units for all forecrop. The maximum increase was during processing with a disc harrow for occupied fallow and barley — 0.95 and 1.44 t of grain units/ha, respectively. The profitability level for these options was also maximum and amounted to 41–42%, the conditional net income — 7842 and 8268 rubles/ha, respectively.