Abstract
The development of an apparatus for the measurement of linear thermal expansion coefficient of metal by a single diffraction method has been developed. The development was made based on several ideas from previous researchers, as well as to overcome several limitations which yields insignificant results. The development includes the redesign of the primary holder module, the temperature measurement module (using a thermocouple sensor connected to the PC), and the measurement approach of the diffraction pattern distance by means of digital video analysis techniques using Tracker software. The development of the modules as well as the measurement approach that has been done yields very good experimental results. The measured linear thermal expansion coefficient of aluminum has a high level of accuracy and precision. The result is (23.100 ± 0.2186)×10-6/°C, and compared from a reference, i.e., 23.000 × 10-6/°C, the relative error of is 0.95% and the relative standard deviation is 0.43%.
Highlights
Measurement of linear thermal expansion coefficient are generally carried out through experiments using Musschenbroek apparatus, which are commonly used in high schools
The experimental apparatus for the measurement of linear thermal expansion coefficient by a single slit diffraction method has been previously developed by several researchers, e.g., Pujayanto, et al, (2016), Wulandari & Radiyono (2015) and Ferawati & Okimustava (2012)
Evaluation of the Experiment Results Evaluation of the developed experimental apparatus was conducted through analysis of several physical parameters that can be measured, i.e., temperature (T), time (t) and the distance of the first order of dark diffraction pattern to center pattern (y)
Summary
Measurement of linear thermal expansion coefficient are generally carried out through experiments using Musschenbroek apparatus, which are commonly used in high schools. The development to overcome the previous limitations includes the improvement of the design and the size of the measured metal object, the redesign of the primary module, how to measure the rapid temperature change (which was previously undetected due to the limitations of the measuring instrument), and how to measure the generated diffraction pattern. Based on these considerations, an experimental apparatus to measure the linear thermal expansion coefficient of metal was developed, by using a single slit diffraction method with data acquisition using digital video recording. The accuracy of the results from the measurements is analyzed by a comparison with the result from a reference, while the precision of the apparatus is evaluated by means of standard deviations analysis from repeated measurements
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