The development of China's extraterritorial mineral resources exploration and exploitation in the deep seabed and outer space: An evaluation from policy and legal perspectives

Abstract

Extraterritorial mineral resources, located in the deep seabed and outer space, offer abundant prospects for development, wealth, and a sustainable future. Recent advancements in science and technology have brought us closer to the realization of mining these resources. When analyzing China's engagement in these activities, it becomes evident that China is undoubtedly one of the most active and capable states in exploring extraterritorial resources from the deep seabed and outer space. Different from the objectives of conventional mineral mining, China prioritizes broader strategic goals, aiming to establish itself as a maritime and space power rather than solely pursuing short-term economic gains. Given these aspirations, it's crucial to develop more coordinated, transparent, and well-defined policies and laws. This necessity arises not only to facilitate China's advancement in these fields but also to proactively tackle potential challenges and to foster a conducive external environment for further development.