The Development of an Electric-Driven Control System for a High-Speed Precision Planter Based on the Double Closed-Loop Fuzzy PID Algorithm

Abstract

In order to solve the problems of traditional seeders, such as low seeding efficiency, tangled straw, a large amount of clay, easy ridge breakage in sowing operations, low qualified rate of high-speed seeding, and poor uniformity, this paper takes the pneumatic corn planter as the research object, the Beidou automatic driving unit as the carrier, the CAN (Controller Area Network) bus as the communication medium, and the double closed-loop fuzzy PID (proportion-integral-derivative) algorithm as the control core and designs a high-speed precision corn seeding control system based on Beidou navigation. It solves the problems that exist in traditional planters. In the bench experiment, the stability of the system is judged by comparing the motor control accuracy with ordinary PID and measuring the motor response time of the system at different speeds. The bench test results show that when the theoretical seeding speed is 0~34 r·min−1, the response time of the motor is shortened by 0.51 s compared with the ordinary PID control, and the error between the actual speed and the target value is less than 0.35%. The field experiment results show that when the unit runs for 5~13 km·h−1, the qualified rate of average planting spacing is greater than 95.81%, the reseeding rate is less than 10.11%, and the coefficient of variation is less than 16.72%, which complies with the standard of a corn sowing operation.