Abstract
Background: Fatigue, depression and sleep disturbance are regarded as a symptom cluster associated with pregnancy. The mediation effect of sleep disturbance on the relationship between depression on fatigue is still unclear. Objective: To assess the mediation effect of sleep disturbance on the established relationship between depression and fatigue among pregnant women. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. Pregnant women (n = 130) at a private gynecology and obstetrics outpatient clinic in Amman, Jordan. Participants were recruited to complete the Brief Fatigue Inventory, the Insomnia Severity Index, and the Zung depression scale, in addition to the demographic questionnaire. The mediation effect was examined through a Hierarchal Multiple Regression model. Results: A total of 130 pregnant women participated (mean of ages= 27.3). Of those, 41.5% were in the first trimester, while the rest were in their second and the third trimesters (27.7%, and 30.8%, respectively). Regression analysis indicated that about 23% of the variation of fatigue was explained by depression. Nonetheless, 47% of the variance of fatigue was explained by depression after identifying the mediation effect of sleep disturbance. Conclusion: The mediation role of sleep disturbance between depression and fatigue added a new approach to the assessment and prognosis of fatigue during pregnancy.
Highlights
AND BACKGROUNDA number of symptoms experienced by pregnant women affect their quality of life including their energy, appetite, and weight balance [1 - 3]
The mediation role of sleep disturbance between depression and fatigue added a new approach to the assessment and prognosis of fatigue during pregnancy
Fatigue scored the highest incidence among pregnant women of more than 90% [2, 4, 5]
Summary
AND BACKGROUNDA number of symptoms experienced by pregnant women affect their quality of life including their energy, appetite, and weight balance [1 - 3]. Fatigue scored the highest incidence among pregnant women of more than 90% [2, 4, 5]. Studies that examined symptoms experienced by pregnant women reported that fatigue is often associated with other symptoms such as sleep disturbances and depression [6 - 8]. The latter symptoms have recently gained greater popularity during pregnancy. Because the majority of the previous studies examined the incidence of each symptom individually, the association between these symptoms is still controversial. Depression and sleep disturbance are regarded as a symptom cluster associated with pregnancy. The mediation effect of sleep disturbance on the relationship between depression on fatigue is still unclear
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