The Development and Use of Evidence Summaries for Point of Care Information Systems: A Streamlined Rapid Review Approach.

Abstract

A systematic review of evidence is the research method which underpins the traditional approach to evidence-based health care. As systematic reviews follow a rigorous methodology, they can take a substantial amount of time to complete ranging in duration from 6 months to 2 years. Rapid reviews have been proposed as a method to provide summaries of the literature in a more timely fashion. The aim of this paper is to outline our experience of developing evidence summaries in the context of a point of care resource as a contribution to the emerging field of rapid review methodologies. Evidence summaries are defined as a synopsis that summarizes existing international evidence on healthcare interventions or activities. These summaries are based on structured searches of the literature and selected evidence-based healthcare databases. Following the search, all studies are assessed for internal validity using an abridged set of critical appraisal tools. Once developed, they undergo three levels of peer review by internal and external experts. As of November 2014, there are 2458 evidence summaries that have been created across a range of conditions to inform evidence-based healthcare practices. In addition, there is ongoing development of various new evidence summaries on a wide range of topics. Approximately 60-70 new evidence summaries are published every month, covering research in various medical specialty areas. All summaries are updated annually. Systematic reviews, although the ideal type of research to inform practice, often do not meet the needs of users at the point of care. This article describes the development framework for the creation of evidence summaries, a type of rapid review. Although evidence summaries may result in a less rigorous process of development, they can be useful for improving practice at the point of care.