Abstract
The brown planthopper (BPH: Nilaparvata lugens Stål.) is a major pest of rice, Oryza sativa, in Asia. Host plant resistance has tremendous potential to reduce the damage caused to rice by the planthopper. However, the effectiveness of resistance genes varies spatially and temporally according to BPH virulence. Understanding patterns in BPH virulence against resistance genes is necessary to efficiently and sustainably deploy resistant rice varieties. To survey BPH virulence patterns, seven near-isogenic lines (NILs), each with a single BPH resistance gene (BPH2-NIL, BPH3-NIL, BPH17-NIL, BPH20-NIL, BPH21-NIL, BPH32-NIL and BPH17-ptb-NIL) and fifteen pyramided lines (PYLs) carrying multiple resistance genes were developed with the genetic background of the japonica rice variety, Taichung 65 (T65), and assessed for resistance levels against two BPH populations (Hadano-66 and Koshi-2013 collected in Japan in 1966 and 2013, respectively). Many of the NILs and PYLs were resistant against the Hadano-66 population but were less effective against the Koshi-2013 population. Among PYLs, BPH20+BPH32-PYL and BPH2+BPH3+BPH17-PYL granted relatively high BPH resistance against Koshi-2013. The NILs and PYLs developed in this research will be useful to monitor BPH virulence prior to deploying resistant rice varieties and improve rice’s resistance to BPH in the context of regionally increasing levels of virulence.
Highlights
The brown planthopper (BPH: Nilaparvata lugens Stål.) is a major pest of rice (Oryza sativaL.) in tropical and subtropical Asia [1]
The substituted chromosomal segments of the near-isogenic lines (NILs) were detected by polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers that were distributed across the whole genome (Table 3; Figure 1)
The seven NILs we developed carried BPH resistance genes on the short arm of chromosome
Summary
The brown planthopper (BPH: Nilaparvata lugens Stål.) is a major pest of rice (Oryza sativaL.) in tropical and subtropical Asia [1]. Four gene clusters (chromosomal regions) strongly associated with BPH resistance have been identified. These occur on chromosomes 4S (short arm), 4L (long arm), 6S and 12 [3,13]. Four genes (BPH12 from B14, BPH15, BPH17 and BPH20) and six quantitative trait loci (QTLs) (QBph, QBPH4.1, QBPH4.2, QBph4.2 qBph4.3 and qBph4.4) for BPH resistance have been identified on chromosome 4S [13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]. Among those QTLs, QBph (6.7–6.9 Mbp) from IR02W101 (Oryza officinalis) and QBph4.2 (6.6–6.9 Mbp) from IR65482-17 (Oryza australiensis) were identified at similar locations based on physical distance; QBPH4.1 (5.8–7.8 Mbp) and QBPH4.2
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