Abstract
A comprehensive investigation of the optimal experimental conditions for the determination of palladium by atomic absorption, atomic fluorescence and flame thermal-emission spectroscopy was made. All measurements were carried out with a modified Techtron AA-4 atomic absorption spectrophotometer. A high-intensity hollow-cathode lamp was used as source both for atomic absorption and atomic fluorescence measurements. Atomic absorption was measured both in air-supported and nitrous oxide-supported hydrogen and acetylene flames. The best detection limit of 0.03 p.p.m. was obtained in an air-acetylene flame at the 244.79-nm line. Cationic and anionic interferences were studied in detail. The atomic fluorescence of palladium in premixed air-hydrogen, separated air-acetylene and oxy-hydrogen-argon flames was also investigated. The complete fluorescence spectrum was studied ; the most intense fluorescence line at 340.46 nm gave a detection limit of 0.04 p.p.m. in the oxy-hydrogen flame diluted with argon. Flame thermal emission characteristics for a nitrogen-sheathed nitrous oxide-hydrogen flame are presented. Relative emission intensities and sensitivities of ten lines are tabulated. The best detection limit of 0.04 p.p.m. was found for the 363.47-nm line. Possible spectral interferences are discussed.
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