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Abstract
This article uses data from the National Survey of Citizens’ Perceptions in Bosnia-Herzegovina to investigate the determinants of offering a bribe in the form of money, gifts or services to medical personnel, professors, judicial personnel, police officers and public servants. We presented evidence about the spread of corruption in these five sectors of the economy in Bosnia-Herzegovina, and analysed the effects of determinants at the individual level on the likelihood of engaging in bribery. Our results confirmed that specific personal characteristics predicted corrupt behaviour, but results varied across sectors. Logistic regression was used to generate models from which predictions could be made about the likelihood of an individual engaging in corrupt behaviour. Our research shows that corruption is a widespread phenomenon in Bosnia-Herzegovina, and more educated people, people living in urban areas, and individuals with higher incomes are more likely to engage in bribery in several sectors. Measures and policies aimed at reducing corrupt behaviour should be designed in a way that considers the specific characteristics of these individuals.
Highlights
Corruption is one of the biggest challenges of the twenty-first century (OECD, 2015), and can affect the investment climate, the effectiveness of public service, the quality of education, and competencies (OECD, 2018)
Our research shows that corruption is a widespread phenomenon in Bosnia-Herzegovina, and more educated people, people living in urban areas, and individuals with higher incomes are more likely to engage in bribery in several sectors
This study analyses the determinants of micro-level corruption in BosniaHerzegovina
Summary
Corruption is one of the biggest challenges of the twenty-first century (OECD, 2015), and can affect the investment climate, the effectiveness of public service, the quality of education, and competencies (OECD, 2018). As Jiang (2017) notes, the literature does not provide a consistent definition of corruption. This indicates that diverse approaches have been taken to define the concept, leading to different conclusions regarding the antecedents and consequences of corruption. Corruption is studied at different levels (Kaffenberger, 2012): cross-country, firm, and micro. Our literature review shows that micro-level corruption is measured differently across studies. It identifies a large number of determinants of corruption (age, gender, marital status, household income, educational attainment, type of settlement and region), which vary across contexts
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