The design of the ESS neutrino Super Beam ESS[formula omitted]SB for leptonic CP violating measurement and the plans for its further development ESS[formula omitted]SB+

Abstract

A EC-supported conceptual design study ESSνSB has been carried out during the years 2018–2022 of how the 5 MW linear proton accelerator of the European Spallation Source, currently under construction in Lund, Sweden, can be used to generate a world-uniquely intense neutrino Super Beam for precision measurement of the leptonic CP violating phase δCP. Support for a continuation of this study 2023–2026 has recently been granted by EC. The uniquely high power of the ESS proton linac will allow for the neutrino oscillation measurements to be made at the second oscillation maximum, rather than at the first maximum where other experiments measure, and thereby for a more precise measurement to be made of δCP. This paper describes the results of the conceptual design of ESSνSB lay-out, infrastructure and components as well as of the evaluation of the physics performance for leptonic CP violation discovery and, in particular, for the precision in the measurement if the CP violation phase δCP as well as the plans for the continuation of the work, which will include design studies of a Low energy nuSTORM and an Low Energy Monitored Neutrino Beam.