Abstract
CNC machine tools are currently predominating in the machine-building industry. Generally, these machine tools are equipped with control systems supplied by the world's leading manufacturers, such as Siemens, Fanuc or HeidenHein, and are very expensive. In parallel, many cheap amateur and semi-professional CNC machine tool solutions are being developed. Below, a CNC milling machine of welded construction is described, which is intended to be, at the same time, a test stand. The design of the milling machine is based on steel closed sections of a large cross-section and a big wall thickness. This has allowed a rigid frame structure to be obtained. To obtain high displacement accuracy, high-accuracy profiled rail slideways have been used, along which pre-stressed linear ball bearings move. The machine tool has been furnished with a fourth numerically controlled axis, which is demountable.
Highlights
Aside from professional CNC machine tools used in many branches of industry [1, 2], the market of amateur solutions of such machine tools is intensively developing
For amateur CNC machine tools, their main distinguishing feature is a low manufacturing cost. These are 3-axis machine tools of a bolted construction based on aluminium section bars (Figure 1), or even wooden section bars, sometimes of large overall dimensions
A control system commonly used in such machine tools is Mach3 which, in spite of its high capabilities, is very cheap
Summary
Aside from professional CNC machine tools used in many branches of industry [1, 2], the market of amateur solutions of such machine tools is intensively developing. For amateur CNC machine tools, their main distinguishing feature is a low manufacturing cost. Most often, these are 3-axis machine tools of a bolted construction based on aluminium section bars (Figure 1), or even wooden section bars, sometimes of large overall dimensions. These are 3-axis machine tools of a bolted construction based on aluminium section bars (Figure 1), or even wooden section bars, sometimes of large overall dimensions It is, hard to expect rigidity and accuracy from such solutions. Shown below is the authors' design of a 4-axis welded-construction CNC milling machine with enhanced rigidity and machining accuracy, which is intended to be, at the same time, a test stand [4]. The machine was successfully used to shape the helical surface of the worm with an arbitrary axial profile and the required accuracy of mating area with the worm wheel [6, 7], and spur gears with tooth line modification [8] machined by Step by Step method
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