Abstract
Based on active heating materials (the phase change microcapsules (microPCMs)) and passive insulating materials (SiO2 aerogel), a new-type multilayer low temperature protective composite fabric (MPF) was designed and manufactured to meet the demands of protection and operation in a short time under a low-temperature environment. Results showed that the MPF consisted of three layers including the fabric layer, the microPCM function layer, and the SiO2 aerogel thermal insulation layer. The differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) results demonstrated that the phase transition enthalpy of the composite was 96.2 J/g during the cooling process. The low-temperature resistance and thermal insulation performance at −50 °C were investigated. The results also demonstrated that the low-temperature resistance time of the MPF was 660 s and the power consumption of the MPFs needed to maintain 37 °C for 10 and 20 min were 629 J and 1872 J, respectively. Compared with the microPCM function layer and the thermal insulation layer, which have the same thickness as the MPF, the low-temperature resistance time of the MPF was prolonged for about 2 and 3 min, respectively. The MPF could provide effective protection of the low-temperature work in a short time and could be applied as potential materials in low-temperature protection.
Highlights
With the development of science and technology, the environmental conditions of human contact have become more complicated
Based on the magnified polymerization of the MUF/carbon nanotube (CNT) prepolymer had been well performed to synthesize a shell for SEM image, the surface of the microPCMs was relatively clean and smooth, indicating that the polymerization of the MUF/CNTs prepolymer had been well performed to synthesize a shell for the core
It is notable that several small particles were coated on the surface of microPCMs
Summary
With the development of science and technology, the environmental conditions of human contact have become more complicated. Aerogel is well known as a nano-porous solid material with the lightest weight, high surface area, high porosity, and low thermal conductivity [6,7,8]. These properties suggest a broad application for aerogels in many fields, especially for thermal insulation. Fibers or fabrics are often selected for the reinforcing phase and form an SiO2 aerogel composite with excellent thermal insulation properties. The developments of active heating materials offer the possibility to prepare light-weight and low-temperature protection products. In this paper, we designed and manufactured a multilayer low temperature protective composite fabric (MPF) based on active heating materials and passive insulating materials. The morphology, phase-change behavior, low-temperature resistance, and thermal insulation performance of the MPF at −50 ◦ C were tested and evaluated
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