Abstract
The deportation of the Polish population from the territories annexed in September 1939 by the Soviet Union was an integral part of Stalin's policy of destroying Poland's state system and sovietizing the western areas of the Belorussian and Ukrainian republics. The deportations occurred in three major waves involving about 250,000 persons; they included 139,000 settlers and their families sent to Siberia, 66,000 to the arid steppes of Kazakhstan, and 78,000 to the remote Far Eastern and northern regions. The property confiscated from the deportees was redistributed to state and collective farms and resettled Soviet Communist Party members and officials. The deportees underwent a period of extreme deprivation and suffering until the Soviet‐Polish agreement of 30 July 1941 allowed most of them to return from exile.
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