The dental care and treatment of periodontal disease in mental deficient adults. I. The status of oral hygiene and periodontal disease (author's transl)

Abstract

Our study was designed to establish a rational system for the dental care management and treatment of periodontal disease in mental deficient adults. As the first part of the study, the status of oral hygiene and periodontal disease was evaluated in this report.Subjects were 45 persons institutionalized for mental deficiency in Hokkaido, aged 17 to 52, IQ from 72 to under 14, The Plaque Accumlation Rate (Pl. R.), Gingival Index (G. I.) and Pathological Pocket Rate (Po. R.) were evaluated on every permanent tooth except third molars, C4 and teeth with artifical crowns.Pl. R. was evaluated by the following modified Kawasaki's method. The tooth surface was divided into 10 sections, and plaque accumulatd sections were assessed.Pl. R.=Number of plaque accumulated section/Number of the examined section×100 (%)G. I. was evaluated by the modified system of Löe & Silness's method. Pocket depth was measured at six points of the tooth, and the pathological Pocket Rate (Po. R.) was assessed by following system.Po. R.=Number of teeth with deeper than 4mm pocket/Nuber of the examinded teeth×100 (%)The results were as follows:1. Pl. R. was 51.9%, in which there was statistical significance between the high IQ group (IQ>36) and the low IQ group (IQ<35), but not between age groups.2. G. I. was 1.37 and Po. R. was 28.1%. Both increased with age and the degree of mental deficiency, and statistical significance was found between IQ groups. G. I. and Po. R. were higher in the subjects who took Phenytoin than in the others.3. Significant correlation was found between Pl. R. and G. I., but not between other indices and rates.