The degree of phenotypic variation of morphological and agronomic characters of eight F1 populations of cassava (Manihot esculenta) at Bandar Lampung

Abstract

Utomo SD, Yusartika P, Popy L, Edy A, Sunyoto, Ardian. 2018. The degree of phenotypic variation of morphological and agronomic characters of eight F1 populations of cassava (Manihot esculenta) at Bandar Lampung. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 4: 39-46. The objective of this study was to estimate the degree of phenotypic variation (DPV) of morphological and agronomic characters of eight F1 populations of cassava the results of natural sexual hybridization and/or self of 80 parental clones; the eight populations was derived from female parents UJ 5, Cimanggu, UJ 3, Klenteng 37, Mulyo 3, BL1, BL 4 and Darul Hidayah. The pollination was conducted in 2015 at highland Sekincau, West Lampung (1100 m asl.). The morphological and agronomic characters included qualitative and quantitative characters. Study to estimate the was conducted at Bandar Lampung, from May 2016-March 2017. The DPV of quantitative characters were high if the percentage of recombinant phenotypes > 67%, moderate if 33%≤DPV≤67, and low if DPV 2 x Interquartile Range (IQR) dan low if the total Range ≤ 2 x IQR. Quantitative characters color of apical leaves, color of adaxial petiole, and color of abaxial petiole of all populations showed DPV high or moderate. All quantitative characters observed (number of leaf lobus, length of leaf lobus, width of leaf lobus, length/width ratio of leaf lobus, length of petiole, and starch rendement) indicated DPV high on F1 half-sib population of UJ5, UJ3, BL1, dan BL4. Except for the length of leaf lobus and starch rendement, all quantitative characters showed high DPV on population of Cimanggu and Darul Hidayah; DPV of length of leaf lobus and starch rendement was low. The high variation of most qualitative and quantitative characters indicated that the open/natural hybridization among parental clones occurred and was effective to produce recombinant phenotypes.