The Definition of TM

Abstract

In the majority of the countries in Asia, traditional medicine (TM) practice is a complement to modern medicine. However, TM has obtained global recognition for its contribution to the Universal Health Coverage and Sustainable Development Goals. Practice of TM can vary from country to country and from region to region. Moreover, TM practices in a certain country may not be the country’s own tradition. Hence, the TM might be recognised officially or just be accepted by the communities. In order to look into the perspectives from WHO and countries across Asia pertaining to the definition of TM, the 50 Asian countries will be categorised in accordance with four of the WHO regions, namely Western Pacific Region (WPR), South-East Asia Region (SEAR), Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) and European Region (EUR). Taiwan is the only one Asian country that has yet to be accepted by the WHO. Among the 50 Asian countries, the definition of TM in Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand has been clearly spelled out in the respective country’s relevant act, whereas the definitions of TM in the majority of the Asian countries have lots of similarities with WHO’s definition on TM. Generally, TM practice in a particular country has a close linkage with their historical and cultural heritage, and under the influence of religions. Hence, it is not possible to have one model or one set of definitions to deal with the patient’s ideology and need. While having a standard definition is good, it does not mean that without such definition, these TM practises will be at fault.