THE DEEP-FUNCTIONAL SCHEME OF GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF UNDERGROUND SPACE IN URBANIZED TERRITORIES

Abstract

Lack of free urban areas, the attraction of the population to the improvement, improvement and rational use of the city's environment requires more use of underground space. Efficient and efficient placement in it of numerous constructions of transport, energy, economic, communal, social purpose and creation of large-scale engineering infrastructure raises the task of strategic planning of the development of the underground space of the metropolises. The placement of underground structures in cities is tiers, at different depths (from several to hundreds of meters). An analysis of the influence of underground workings during their formation and exploitation on the development of dangerous processes in the geological environment of urbanized territories, the threat of emergencies – failures, landslides, damage to terrestrial objects. The underground structures, formed on several levels, in different stratigraphic horizons, and in different functional zones of cities are considered. At the first level, these are engineering networks of the water supply, heating and drainage systems, and on the second floor there are underground passages, shopping and warehouse facilities, parking lots. The third level includes the transport facilities of deep laying, the fourth is related to groundwater exploitation. The peculiarities of engineering-geological conditions for different levels of placement of engineering structures that can become the causes of emergencies are highlighted. The developed scheme of the depth-functional section of the geological environment on the allocation of characteristic emergencies and features of engineering-geological conditions and processes is a scientific basis for further development of the infrastructure of underground space of large cities.