Abstract
Rich fen bryophytes used to occur widely in The Netherlands some decades ago in dune slacks, pleistocene valley mires and large holocene peatland areas. Scorpidium scorpioides (Hedw.) Limpr., S. cossoni. (Schimp.) Hedenäs and S. revolvens (Anon.) Rubers have disappeared completely at most localities and been replaced by Sphagnum species or more eutrophic fen species such as Calliergonella cuspidata (Hedw.) Loeske. Apart from natural succession from fen to bog, anthropogenic acidification and eutrophication are thought to be responsible for the changes in the bryophyte layer of rich fens. The importance of hydrology in determining the rate of changes is stressed.
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