Abstract
The role of prophylactic central compartment lymph node dissection in papillary thyroid cancer remains a controversial issue. It is estimated that approximately 40% of patients with tumours >1 cm will have central node compartment metastases that are clinically undetectable. The performance of a routine or prophylactic central node dissection ensures that clinically undetectable nodal metastases are resected. Information about nodal status can be used to modify disease stage, alter risk stratification and influence the timing and dosing of radioactive iodine therapy. Furthermore, dissection of the central compartment lymph nodes reduces the risk of local recurrence and does so without an increased risk of permanent complications. Central node dissection is a safe procedure with multiple benefits to the patient and clinician and should be performed routinely in addition to thyroidectomy for patients with primary papillary thyroid carcinoma >1 cm.
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