Abstract
AimsTo investigate the frequency of dawn phenomenon (DP) and its relationship with time in range (TIR) and glycemic variability (GV) using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Methods781 subjects of a multicenter CGM study in China were included: those with normal glucose tolerance (NGT n = 360); impaired glucose regulation (IGR n = 173); newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D n = 248). Analysis of the magnitude of DP (ΔG) was conducted with the primary definition of 1.11 mmol/L and a secondary definition of 0.56 mmol/L. ResultsThe frequency of DP was 8.9%, 30.1% and 52.4% in NGT, IGR and T2D group, respectively, using the primary definition. In all three groups, TIR was lower (all P < 0.05), coefficient of variation (CV) was higher in DP subgroup (all P < 0.05). In DP subgroup of T2D, TIR was 7.0% (1.68 h) lower and CV was 3.0% higher, and HbA1c was 0.6% (7 mmol/mol) higher using the primary definition (all P < 0.05). ConclusionsDP was present in a high percent of subjects with NGT and IGR. In newly diagnosed T2D group, the presence of DP was associated with poorer overall glycemic control.
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