Abstract

The design of a road infrastructure must take into account the type of vehicles, which will use it, above all with respect to road safety. Indeed, Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGV) represent a significant proportion of road vehicles, with specific dynamic characteristics, which make them more sensitive to the road profile. This paper investigates the risk of accidents in ramps and proposes a solution to diminish it. Ramps are long inclined roadways connecting different levels. First, experts in safety studies ran an experimental study on three ramps of a French highway close to Paris and showed that front-rear accidents between two heavy-vehicles or between a heavy vehicle and a passenger car occurred in the same places on the three ramps. They concluded that accidents were due to a high difference of speed between the vehicles. Then, numerical simulations were realized with a view to evaluating the influence of some parameters (longitudinal slope, load, speed) on the risk of accident. Thus, this work gave indications as to how to design safer ramps in the future.

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