Abstract
Pomacea canaliculata hemocytes are the main functional cells in the immune defense system, and hemocyte destruction disrupts the immune response mechanism of P. canaliculata, resulting in abnormal growth, development, reproduction, and even death. Our previous study found that Pedunsaponin A significantly affects P. canaliculata hemocyte structure. This study further investigated the damaging effects of Pedunsaponin A on P. canaliculata hemocytes. The cell mortality rate results showed that the hemocyte mortality was significantly increased after treatment with Pedunsaponin A, and the mortality rate exhibited a significant positive correlation with treatment time and dose. The membrane potential results showed that the cell membranes of P. canaliculata hemocytes exhibited time-dependent membrane depolarization after 40 mg/L Pedunsaponin A treatment. At 36 h, the cell depolarization rate in the Pedunsaponin A treatment group was 41.43%, which was significantly greater than the control group (6.24%). The cytoskeleton results showed that Pedunsaponin A led to disordered and dispersed arrangement of microfilaments and changes in the cytoskeletal structure. The apoptosis and cell cycle results showed that Pedunsaponin A induced apoptosis and influenced the cell cycle to some extent. These results showed that the cell membrane and cytoskeleton of P. canaliculata hemocytes were damaged after treatment with Pedunsaponin A, which led to an increase in cell mortality, dysfunction, cell cycle abnormalities and apoptosis. This study provides a foundation for further identification of the site of Pedunsaponin A activity on hemocytes.
Highlights
Pomacea canaliculata is amollusca belonging to invertebrates, and is known as Ampullaria gigasl and apple snail [1]
Trypan blue staining was used in this experiment to analyze the mortality of the basis for the normal function of cells, and the toxic effect of drugs on cells is closely related to hemocytes after treatment with Pedunsaponin A
These results indicated that if the cell membrane of hemocytes was obviously decreased after Pedunsaponin A treatment, and hemocyte mortality hemocytes was damaged and the integrity of the cell membrane was lost, the membrane permeability exhibited a significant positive correlation with treatment time and dose
Summary
Pomacea canaliculata is amollusca belonging to invertebrates, and is known as Ampullaria gigasl and apple snail [1]. REVIEW cells in the P. canaliculata immune process, and the immune is destroyed if hemocytes are disrupted, resulting in abnormal growth and reproduction and even hemocytes [6]. The main of toxicityA included the gradual sectioning and electronin microscopy observation, we manifestations found that that Pedunsaponin. The main main manifestations of toxicity toxicity included the gradual disappearance of gill cilia, aggravated deformation of the cell nucleus and of partincluded of the cytoplasm, of the obviousdeformation effects on the mitochondria the gradualdissolution disappearance of nucleus, gill cilia, and aggravated of ribosome, the cell nucleus and cytoplasm, massive outflow of of dissolution the nucleus, effects cytoplasm, massive outflow of part part of the the cytoplasm, cytoplasm, dissolution of thesignificantly nucleus, and and obvious obvious effects and other organelles. Canaliculata which could lead to hemocyte lysis significantly affect the structure of hemocytes in canaliculata which could lead to hemocyte lysis effects of Pedunsaponin A on hemocytes, changes in P. canaliculata hemocyte mortality, apoptosis, cell [10].
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