The DAMA25 Study: Feasibility of a Lifestyle Intervention Programme for Cancer Risk Reduction in Young Italian Women with Breast Cancer Family History.

Lisa Sequi,Domenico Palli,Ilaria Ermini,Giovanna Masala,Luigi Facchini,Maria Castaldo,Ines Zanna,Daniela Occhini,Saverio Caini,Benedetta Bendinelli,Melania Assedi,Calogero Saieva

doi:10.3390/ijerph182312287

Lisa Sequi, Domenico Palli + Show 10 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312287

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Abstract

Background: Diet and physical activity (PA) can modulate sporadic and possibly familial breast cancer (BC) risk. The DAMA25 study is a single-arm 12-month intervention aimed to modify dietary and PA habits in healthy young Italian women with a positive BC family history, categorized as having intermediate or high genetic risk according to NICE (National Institute for Health and Cancer Excellence) guidelines. Methods: Participants, aged 25–49 years, were asked to adopt a diet mainly based on plant-based foods and to increase moderate daily activities combined with 1 h/week of more intense activity. Cooking lessons, collective walks, educational sessions, brochures, booklets and online materials were implemented. Dietary, PA habits and anthropometry were collected at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Changes on dietary, lifestyle habits and anthropometry were evaluated by GLM adjusted for weight reduction counselling aimed to participant with a BMI ≥ 25, age and baseline values of each variable. Results: Out of 237 eligible women 107 (45.2%) agreed to participate and among them 98 (91.6%) completed the intervention. The adherence rate of the intervention was 77.8%. We observed a reduction in red and processed meat (p < 0.0001) and cakes consumption (p < 0.0001). Consumption of whole grain bread (p < 0.001), leafy vegetables (p = 0.01) and olive oil (p = 0.04) increased. We observed an increase in moderate (p < 0.0001) and more intense (p < 0.0001) recreational activities, an average 1.4 kg weight loss (p = 0.005), a reduction of waist circumference (p < 0.001) and fat mass (p = 0.015). Conclusions: The DAMA25 study shows that it is feasible an intervention to improve in the short-term dietary and PA habits and anthropometry in women with high BC familial risk.

Highlights

20–25% of all breast cancer (BC) cases are associated with a family history (FH) of breast and other cancers, and up to 10% may be linked to germinal mutations in susceptibility genes, mainly BRCA1 or BRCA2 [2,3]
It is well known that body mass index (BMI) is positively associated with BC risk in postmenopausal women, while it tends to be inversely associated with risk in pre-menopausal women [8,9]
Lifestyle habits and anthropometry were evaluated by GLM adjusted for weight reduction counselling aimed to participant with a BMI ≥ 25, age and and baseline values of each

Summary

Introduction

20–25% of all BC cases are associated with a family history (FH) of breast and other cancers, and up to 10% may be linked to germinal mutations in susceptibility genes, mainly BRCA1 or BRCA2 [2,3]. Diet and physical activity (PA) can modulate sporadic and possibly familial breast cancer (BC) risk. The DAMA25 study is a single-arm 12-month intervention aimed to modify dietary and PA habits in healthy young Italian women with a positive BC family history, categorized as having intermediate or high genetic risk according to NICE (National Institute for Health and Cancer Excellence) guidelines. PA habits and anthropometry were collected at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Lifestyle habits and anthropometry were evaluated by GLM adjusted for weight reduction counselling aimed to participant with a BMI ≥ 25, age and baseline values of each variable.

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