Abstract
Colchicine in experimental mutagenesis is used to induce polyploidy, since it, by destroying the division spindle, prevents chromosomes from separating. The importance of studying the mutagenic effect of colchicine on a plant cell is also determined by the practical application of colchicine in the enrichment of plant genetic resources of plants, the creation of cytogenetic collections and their use in breeding programs. In our experiments, we studied the effect of colchicine on alfalfa and the effect of its influence. Seeds of varieties ASKHI-1 and AzNIKHI-262 obtained as a result of treatment with different concentrations of colchicine (0.02% and 0.04%) were used as plant material. In some anaphases, chromosome delays were observed when diverging to the poles. No cells with a doubled set of chromosomes were found. According to the results of studying the stages of mitosis, it should be noted that ASKHI-1 variety is more sensitive to colchicine treatment than AzNIKhI-252, since the first variety showed significantly greater deviations from the control and another variety at the stage of mitotic activity.
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