The Cyclin-dependent Kinase Cdc28p Regulates Multiple Aspects of Kar9p Function in Yeast

Abstract

During mitosis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Kar9p directs one spindle pole body (SPB) toward the incipient daughter cell by linking the associated set of cytoplasmic microtubules (cMTs) to the polarized actin network on the bud cortex. The asymmetric localization of Kar9p to one SPB and attached cMTs is dependent on its interactions with microtubule-associated proteins and is regulated by the yeast Cdk1 Cdc28p. Two phosphorylation sites in Kar9p were previously identified. Here, we propose that the two sites are likely to govern Kar9p function through separate mechanisms, each involving a distinct cyclin. In the first mechanism, phosphorylation at serine 496 recruits Kar9p to one SPB. A phosphomimetic mutation at serine 496 bypasses the requirement of BIK1 and CLB5 in generating Kar9p asymmetry. In the second mechanism, Clb4p may target serine 197 of Kar9p for phosphorylation. This modification is required for Kar9p to direct cMTs to the bud. Two-hybrid analysis suggests that this phosphorylation may attenuate the interaction between Kar9p and the XMAP215-homologue Stu2p. We propose that phosphorylation at serine 197 regulates the release of Kar9p from Stu2p at the SPB, either to clear it from the mother-SPB or to allow it to travel to the plus end.