Abstract
This paper analyses the different episodes that the Argentina wine industry transited between the years 1980 to 2012, within a context of globalization of the wine-grape industry. In particular, we study the significance that some winemakers had in the process and the effect of the exchange rate and recipients of Argentine wine in the expansion of exports in recent years. The hypothesis of this article is that, from the 80 s, the winemakers observed in exports as a solution to face their most important crisis. This required a transformation of the industry to produce quality wines that could be sold on the international market. Thus, winemakers added to a century-old winemaking tradition new practices and strategies. On the other hand, over 30 years, various macroeconomic policies affect the overall industry growth, especially in exports. On balance, in this paper we propose to show that the growth of exports of Argentine wine was a sinuous and different path to the literature has been found for the “new world” exporters countries. The data was obtained from Instituto Nancional de Vitivinicultura (INV), Bolsa de Comercio de Mendoza and International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV) as well as interviews collected on primary and secondary sources.
Highlights
This paper analyses the different episodes that the Argentina wine industry transited between the years 1980 to 2012, within a context of globalization of the wine-grape industry
We study the significance that some winemakers had in the process and the effect of the exchange rate and recipients of Argentine wine in the expansion of exports in recent years
On balance, in this paper we propose to show that the growth of exports of Argentine wine was a sinuous and different path to the literature has been found for the “new world” exporters countries
Summary
Desde los inicios de la decada de 1990 el sector vitivinıcola argentino se ha destacado por un crecimiento sostenido de sus exportaciones. El cambio engendrado por los productores y las estrategias que estos disenaron en las decadas previas al despegue de las exportaciones; en segundo lugar, el papel que jugoel tipo de cambio y, en tercer lugar, el grado de concentracion de los mercados y de las empresas exportadoras del sector vitivinıcola. Se postula desde la teorıa economica que hay una influencia positiva del tipo de cambio sobre las exportaciones de un bien transable como lo es el vino, esta no parece tener la misma intensidad a lo largo del tiempo. Se analiza fundamentalmente tres factores: las transformaciones previas al crecimiento de las exportaciones y al origen de las mismas, la influencia del tipo de cambio y el nivel de concentracion de los mercados y de las empresas. Se ha obviado un analisis de largo plazo que incluya los anos de la mayor crisis del sector en toda su historia –la decada de 1980- y el desarrollo mas reciente
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