Abstract
The curtain effect, which controls sound propagation in a sound channel [Browning etal., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Suppl. 1 88, S132 (1990)], is shown to exist in modified form for severely bottom-limited propagation conditions that can exist in shallow water during the summer. The initially dominant loss component, whose rate decreases with range, is now angular-dependent multiple bottom bounce propagation loss. The range-independent component is an effective attenuation which includes low-angle bottom loss. The transition between these components is equivalent to the crossover of the components in the sound channel case. An effective range can be obtained by extending the effective attenuation component back to the intersection with the rate of spreading loss component. Illustrations are given for several shallow water areas.
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