Abstract
The predetermined relevance of crime research in large-scale cities does not raise any doubts among scientists around the world. Despite the existence of typical signs of a megalopolis, all urban agglomerations of the world have their own characteristics which determine, among other things, the unique character of crime on their territory. This background requires attention to the main indicators of crime and introduces a situational way of analyzing them. And although the extremely large-scale cities of Russia differ from the largest megacities of the world, the study of crime indicators in them can make a significant contribution to the process of creating an effective crime prevention system. In Russia, only Moscow is comparable to the generally accepted notion of a metropolis. At the same time, the largest cities of Russia with a population of over 1 million people have trends in evolving crime that are similar to circumstances in foreign cities. In this regard, the proposed study will be interesting for criminologists studying crime dynamics in urban agglomerations. This paper claims that there is scope for counteraction of the most common crimes, taking into account the place and method of their commission. The results obtained are relevant and suitable for a qualitative analysis of the measuring crime.
Highlights
Several obvious reasons can be provided to show that the study of the state and dynamics of criminality in metropolises has certain and indisputable relevance
Many trends that determine the state of criminality in metropolises do not show the impact of regional specifics, so the conclusions drawn for Russia may be of interest for comparative research
In 2005-2009, Germany combatted this type of crimes with the use of video surveillance systems and contacts with local residents, including the Neighborhood Watch project, within which the inhabitants of one or several neighboring houses agreed on the mutual monitoring of the public order, and the District Surveillance, consisting in the formation of the so-called voluntary groups of a neighborhood residents which carry out visual monitoring of the public order
Summary
Several obvious reasons can be provided to show that the study of the state and dynamics of criminality in metropolises has certain and indisputable relevance. The structure of criminal activities and the main types of criminal behavior differ depending on the region, economic and other conditions In this regard, Russian criminologists distinguish between criminal practices in rural areas and criminality in urban settlements of various types [48]. A modern metropolis or a super large city is the highest form of urban agglomeration, which creates conditions for sustainable development of territories and wellbeing of the population. The first term for a metropolis was introduced into scientific discourse in 1676 by T Herbert, who used it to Kseniia Pitulko et al.: The Current State of Criminality in Russian Metropolises: Main. Being a complex socioeconomic territorial system of a super large city, a metropolis is formed as an association of smaller settlements and is characterized by a hierarchical network of enterprises, high population mobility, dynamically developing transportation infrastructure, multilevel service sector and an extensive system of regulatory and administrative authorities
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