Abstract
China had set an ambitious development target of electric vehicles (EVs) to mitigate the environmental pollution. However, the actual situation of EVs far lagged behind the goals. This paper analyzes the elements impeding EVs’ development, which are identified into four contributors, including deficient EV subsidy policies, embarrassed EV market, local protectionism, and unmatched charging infrastructure. Based on the actual situation of China, this paper discusses corresponding policy suggestions and explores the alternative roadmap of EVs. In the initial development stage of EVs, it is important to select the appropriate charging mode for EVs according to different characteristics across users. Moreover, the development of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) may open the EV market faster than battery electric vehicle (BEV). In addition, the low-speed EVs may be a good choice for the rural market and should be well developed. With the promotion of EVs, China central and local governments should make rational policies to promote EVs’ development, which is the crucial force to drive the uptake of EVs.
Highlights
From the perspective of energy conservation, studies demonstrated that hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) have more benefits than both battery electric vehicle (BEV) and internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV) currently and in the near future (2030) in China [53,54].This is especially true for the Jing-Jin-Ji Region of China, where coal is an overwhelming power source
In those regions with a high share of coal power, HEV is a better choice than BEV to reduce CO2 emissions [42]
The theoretical CO2 breakeven point between BEVs and HEVs is 60% coal power, which means that BEVs would have a CO2 reduction advantage over HEVs if the coal power proportion is below 60%
Summary
The traditional auto industry, as one of China’s powerhouses to propel economic growth [1], has gained people’s worries in terms of energy conservation and environment protection. The oil consumed by transportation sector accounted for about 32.9% of domestic total oil consumption in 2005, and this ratio climbed up to 35.3% in 2011 about 68% of the crude oil used in China was imported from other countries in 2010 [3] and things will be worsen in 2030 in that the International Energy Agency (IEA) has forecasted, China oil demand will reach 808 million tons, road transport will account for 43% and China’s dependency on imported oil will rise to 80% [4] This high import ratio will greatly impact the energy security and economic development of China. It will increasingly rise with the rapid economic growth of China, and the corresponding problem of the pollution of megacities will be more serious. Energy Automotive Industry Development Plan (2012–2020)” further identified the world will usher important strategic opportunities of restructuring and upgrading for automotive industry over the 10 years
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