Abstract
Summary 1 Only two species of Curculionidae, Pentarthrum carmichaeli Waterhouse (Cossoninae) and Tristartodes scirpophilus Brinck (Cylydrorhininae) have been collected on Gough Island. The last larval instar of the latter species is described. In the Tristan group, P. carmichaeli appears characteristic of the coastal zone, and T. scirpophilus of Scirpus clumps on upland bogs and wet heaths. 2 The Curculionid fauna of these islands appears to be poor in numbers of individuals as well as in species. 3 The presence of the brachypterous Tristanodes scirpophilus on both Gough Island and Tristan da Cunha is anomalous, since this genus shows a high degree of insular endemism. Possible dispersal agencies are discussed. 4 The systematic position of the Palaechtini, a tribe reputedly confined to the Tristan group is considered, and it is concluded that it is not separable from the Listroderini. 5 Both the genus Pentarthrum (re-interpreted), and the Listroderini have an essentially southern temperate distribution. The Curculionid fauna of the Tristan group is most closely related to that of southern South America.
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