The Culture national project and book culture

Abstract

The author analyzes various definitions of the concept of "culture" in Russia’s federal cultural projects with the focus on building cultural environment, educating cultural creators and implementing digital technologies. The digital culture is a subculture within the national Russian culture; it competes with the book culture, a traditional subculture that ensures semantic intergenerational continuity and preserves the national cultural and historical heritage. In the mo-dern period, the emergence of the book market, machine printing, spread of bib-liophilia, professionalization of librarianship, legal regulations, etc., resulted in the formation of the bibliosphere in industrial civilizations, a supersystem (system of systems) that ensures production, preservation, use and further development of national book cultures. The mature bibliosphere of the early twentieth century was formed by socio-cultural institutions (systems, or branches of the book busi-ness), namely: publishing, printing industry, book trade, librarianship, and biblio-graphy. The concept of "book mind" (Bibliologos) was introduced to denote the book subculture of the humanitarian intelligentsia. As the book subculture, bibliologos makes a strategic resource of the industrial risk society. The general conclusion of the study is that the current national project "The Culture" is incomplete, since the federal project does not comprise the book subculture federal project. The author suggests that the new edition of the national project has to be developed to include, along with the digital culture, the book subculture repre-sented in the idea of Bibliologos.