The Cu II−Cu I−Cu 0(Hg) system in the presence of benzotriazole : Part I. A polarographic investigation

Abstract

A polarographic investigation of Cu II electroreduction from solutions of benzotriazole (BTA) of pH from 1 to 3 at a dropping mercury electrode shows the presence of two successive adsorption waves of equal height (waves Ic and IIIc) due, respectively, to the formation and to the subsequent dissolution of an adsorbed film of a Cu I compound. The dependence of the half-wave potential of wave IIIc, which is polarographically reversible, upon pH and BTA concentration indicates that the adsorbed film has the composition [Cu I(BTA −)], where BTA − denotes the deprotonated anionic form of benzotriazole. Moreover, the maximum height of wave IIIc indicates that this film is one monolayer thick. A third cathodic wave (wave IIc), lying between waves Ic and IIIc, stems from the reduction to the metal state of the Cu II ions diffusing from the bulk solution. Copper(0) oxidation at dropping amalgam electrodes in BTA solutions yields two successive adsorption waves (waves Ia and IIa). Wave Ia is due to the same electrode process, Cu 0 (Hg)+BTA⇌Cu I(BTA −)+H ++ e, responsible for the cathodic wave IIIc. On the other hand, wave IIa is due to the formation of roughly two adsorbed monolayers of [Cu I(BTA −)] upon that formed along wave Ia.