Abstract
The spontaneous crystallization of calcium carbonate (calcite) from solution at 25°C was studied in the presence of magnesium, strontium, and sulfate ions. Supersaturated solutions containing 10 -3 M sulfate ion, 10 -4 M strontium ion, or 10 -4 M magnesium ion yielded calcite crystals with a morphology identical with that obtained in the absence of these ions. The addition of 10 -3 M magnesium ion resulted in calcite crystallites with a poorly developed crystal habit which gradually improves with aging. Evidence from X-ray powder diffraction, chemical analysis and scanning electron microscopy of the precipitates formed in the presence of 10 -3 M magnesium ion indicates that calcium carbonate formation involves an unstable amorphous phase that undergoes subsequent transformation to aragonite adn calcite. The crystal growth and morphologic changes of calcite crystals produced by 10 -3 M magnesium ions for calcium ions in the calcite crystal lattice.
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